* Knowledge of computer networking concepts and protocols, and network security methodologies.

* Knowledge of risk management processes (e.g., methods for assessing and mitigating risk).

Knowledge of operations security.

* Knowledge of national and international laws, regulations, policies, and ethics as they relate to cybersecurity.

* Knowledge of cybersecurity principles.

* Knowledge of cyber threats and vulnerabilities.

Compile, integrate, and/or interpret all-source data for intelligence or vulnerability value with respect to specific targets.

Advise managers and operators on language and cultural issues that impact organization objectives.

Analyze and process information using language and/or cultural expertise.

Conduct analysis of target communications to identify essential information in support of organization objectives.

Evaluate and interpret metadata to look for patterns, anomalies, or events, thereby optimizing targeting, analysis and processing.

Identify target communications within the global network.

Maintain awareness of target communication tools, techniques, and the characteristics of target communication networks (e.g., capacity, functionality, paths, critical nodes) and their potential implications for targeting, collection, and analysis.

Perform foreign language and dialect identification in initial source data.

Perform or support technical network analysis and mapping.

Scan, identify and prioritize target graphic (including machine-to-machine communications) and/or voice language material.

Tip critical or time-sensitive information to appropriate customers.

Transcribe target voice materials in the target language.

Translate (e.g., verbatim, gists, and/or summaries) target graphic material.

Translate (e.g., verbatim, gists, and/or summaries) target voice material.

Identify foreign language terminology within computer programs (e.g., comments, variable names).

Provide near-real time language analysis support (e.g., live operations).

Identify cyber/technology-related terminology in the target language.

Ability to communicate complex information, concepts, or ideas in a confident and well-organized manner through verbal, written, and/or visual means.

Knowledge of a wide range of basic communications media concepts and terminology (e.g., computer and telephone networks, satellite, cable, wireless).

Knowledge of classification and control markings standards, policies and procedures.

Knowledge of cyber operation objectives, policies, and legalities.

Knowledge of cyber operations.

Knowledge of data communications terminology (e.g., networking protocols, Ethernet, IP, encryption, optical devices, removable media).

Knowledge of how to extract, analyze, and use metadata.

Knowledge of intelligence reporting principles, policies, procedures, and vehicles, including report formats, reportability criteria (requirements and priorities), dissemination practices, and legal authorities and restrictions.

Knowledge of network security (e.g., encryption, firewalls, authentication, honey pots, perimeter protection).

Knowledge of principles and practices related to target development such as target knowledge, associations, communication systems, and infrastructure.

Knowledge of target, including related current events, communication profile, actors, and history (language, culture) and/or frame of reference.

Knowledge of the structure, architecture, and design of modern digital and telephony networks.

Knowledge of the structure, architecture, and design of modern wireless communications systems.

Skill in analyzing traffic to identify network devices.

Skill in applying various analytical methods, tools, and techniques (e.g., competing hypotheses; chain of reasoning; scenario methods; denial and deception detection; high impact-low probability; network/association or link analysis; Bayesian, Delphi, and Pattern analyses).

Skill in conducting social network analysis.

Skill in disseminating items of highest intelligence value in a timely manner.

Skill in recognizing technical information that may be used for target development including intelligence development.

Knowledge of relevant laws, regulations, and policies.

Knowledge of target cultural references, dialects, expressions, idioms, and abbreviations.

Knowledge of networking and internet communications fundamentals (i.e. devices, device configuration, hardware, software, applications, ports/protocols, addressing, network architecture and infrastructure, routing, operating systems, etc.).

Knowledge of language processing tools and techniques.

Knowledge of analytic tools and techniques.

Knowledge of transcript development processes and techniques (e.g., verbatim, gists, summaries).

Knowledge of translation processes and techniques.

Skill in conducting research using all available sources.

Skill in translating target graphic and/or voice language materials.

Skill in complying with the legal restrictions for targeted information.

Skill in developing intelligence reports.

Skill in evaluating and interpreting metadata.

Skill in gisting target communications.

Skill in identifying non-target regional languages and dialects

Skill in prioritizing target language material.

Skill in providing analysis on target-related matters (e.g., language, cultural, communications).

Ability to review processed target language materials for accuracy and completeness.

Skill in transcribing target language communications.

Knowledge of specialized target language (e.g., acronyms, jargon, technical terminology, codewords).

Knowledge of obfuscation techniques (e.g., TOR/Onion/anonymizers, VPN/VPS, encryption).

Knowledge of target language(s).

Ability to apply language and cultural expertise to analysis.

* Knowledge of specific operational impacts of cybersecurity lapses.

Knowledge of front-end collection systems, including traffic collection, filtering, and selection.

Determine what technologies are used by a given target.

Identify threat tactics, and methodologies.

Identify collection gaps and potential collection strategies against targets.

Make recommendations to guide collection in support of customer requirements.

Provide SME and support to planning/developmental forums and working groups as appropriate.

Assess, document, and apply a target’s motivation and/or frame of reference to facilitate analysis, targeting and collection opportunities.

Collaborate across internal and/or external organizational lines to enhance collection, analysis and dissemination.

Conduct all-source target research to include the use of open source materials in the target language.

Perform quality review and provide feedback on transcribed or translated materials.

Provide feedback to collection managers to enhance future collection and analysis.

Provide requirements and feedback to optimize the development of language processing tools.

Perform social network analysis and document as appropriate.

Ability to function in a collaborative environment, seeking continuous consultation with other analysts and experts—both internal and external to the organization—in order to leverage analytical and technical expertise.

Knowledge of evolving/emerging communications technologies.

Knowledge of the data flow from collection origin to repositories and tools.

Knowledge of the organization, roles and responsibilities of higher, lower and adjacent sub-elements.

Skill in evaluating data sources for relevance, reliability, and objectivity.

Skill in evaluating information for reliability, validity, and relevance.

Skill in managing client relationships, including determining client needs/requirements, managing client expectations, and demonstrating commitment to delivering quality results.

Skill in recognizing denial and deception techniques of the target.

Skill in recognizing significant changes in a target’s communication patterns.

Skill in synthesizing, analyzing, and prioritizing meaning across data sets.

Skill in using non-attributable networks.

Knowledge of collection systems, capabilities, and processes.

Knowledge of the feedback cycle in collection processes.

Knowledge of target or threat cyber actors and procedures.

Knowledge of basic cyber operations activity concepts (e.g., foot printing, scanning and enumeration, penetration testing, white/black listing).

Knowledge of approved intelligence dissemination processes.

Knowledge of target communication profiles and their key elements (e.g., target associations, activities, communication infrastructure).

Knowledge of target communication tools and techniques.

Knowledge of the characteristics of targeted communication networks (e.g., capacity, functionality, paths, critical nodes).

Knowledge of concepts related to websites (e.g., web servers/pages, hosting, DNS, registration, web languages such as HTML).

Knowledge of network security implementations (e.g., host-based IDS, IPS, access control lists), including their function and placement in a network.

Knowledge of customer information needs.

Knowledge of the impact of language analysis on on-net operator functions.

Knowledge of the request for information process.

Skill in identifying a target’s network characteristics.

Skill in analyzing language processing tools to provide feedback to enhance tool development.

Skill in assessing a target’s frame of reference (e.g., motivation, technical capability, organizational structure, sensitivities).

Skill in identifying intelligence gaps and limitations.

Skill in interpreting traceroute results, as they apply to network analysis and reconstruction.

Skill in identifying language issues that may have an impact on organization objectives.

Knowledge of computer programming concepts, including computer languages, programming, testing, debugging, and file types.